头颈部病例77分析及病例78图像



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A14-year-oldgirlpresentswithright-sidedsensorineuralhearingloss.

14岁女孩,右侧感音神经性耳聋。

A

B

C

D

(A–D)Noncontrasthigh-resolutiontemporalboneaxialCTimagingwasperformedontherightside(A,B)andtheleftside(C,D).Thereismineralizationofthebasalturnoftherightcochlea(arrow).Therightsuperiorsemicircularcanalisalsomineralizedandpoorlyseen(blackcircle).Theleftsuperiorsemicircularcanalisnormalinappearance(arrowheads),asistheleftcochlea(curvedarrow).

(A-D)高分辨率右侧(A,B)和左侧(C,D)颞骨轴位CT平扫。右耳蜗底旋的骨化(箭头)。右上半规管也骨化,形态不清(黑色圆圈)。左上半规管外观正常(箭头),左耳蜗也正常(弯曲箭头)。

DifferentialDiagnosis

?Labyrinthitisossificans(LO):Classicappearanceofcochlearandvestibularapparatusmineralization.

?Otospongiosis:Canalterandcauseeithersclerosisorspongioticchangesalongtheoticcapsuleratherthanwithinthestructuresthemselves.

?Paget’sdisease:Canappearsimilartootospongiosisbuttendstoinvolvethepericapsularstructures.

鉴别诊断

?骨化性迷路炎(LO):典型的耳蜗和前庭骨化表现。

?耳脊髓灰质炎:可改变和引起沿耳囊硬化或海绵状改变,而不是结构本身改变

?Paget病:可表现为类似于耳脊髓灰质炎,但易累及包膜周围结构。

EssentialFacts

?LOisanidiopathicconditionresultinginfirstfibroticandthenossificchangesofthecochlearandvestibularstructures.

?Itistypicallyseeninthesettingofpriormeningitisbutcanalsobeduetopriortrauma.

?Patientspresentwithsensorineuralhearingloss.

?Inthefirstfibrousphase,CTfindingsmaybeminimal.High-resolutionT2-weightedimagesmayshowlossofthenormalfluidhighsignalintensitywithintheaffectedstructures.

?Inlaterstages,CTfindingsaremoredemonstrativeoftheossificationofthisprocess.

?LO是一种特发性疾病,首先导致耳蜗和前庭结构的纤维化,然后骨化性改变。

?见于先前有脑膜炎,但也可能是由于先前的创伤。

?患者表现为感音神经性耳聋。

?在第一纤维期,CT改变可能微乎其微。高分辨率T2加权图像可见受累结构内正常液体的消失和高信号强度。

?在后期,CT表现更能说明骨化改变过程。

√Pearls×Pitfalls

√Majorassociationwithpriormeningitis.

×InitialfibrousstageisoftenbetterseenonMRIthanonCT.

×Evaluationofthedegreeofossification(aswellasthecourseofthefacialnerve)isimportantifcochlearimplantationisbeingconsidered

√要点×陷阱

√与先前有脑膜炎明显相关。

×初始纤维期在磁共振成像上往往比CT上显示得更好。如果考虑植入人工耳蜗,对骨化程度(以及面神经的进程)的评估是很重要的。

头颈部病例78

A21-year-oldwomanpresentswithlarge,asymmetric,left-sidedneckswelling.

1、ImagingFindings?

2、DifferentialDiagnosis?

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