头颈部病例77分析及病例78图像
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A14-year-oldgirlpresentswithright-sidedsensorineuralhearingloss.
14岁女孩,右侧感音神经性耳聋。
A
B
C
D
(A–D)Noncontrasthigh-resolutiontemporalboneaxialCTimagingwasperformedontherightside(A,B)andtheleftside(C,D).Thereismineralizationofthebasalturnoftherightcochlea(arrow).Therightsuperiorsemicircularcanalisalsomineralizedandpoorlyseen(blackcircle).Theleftsuperiorsemicircularcanalisnormalinappearance(arrowheads),asistheleftcochlea(curvedarrow).
(A-D)高分辨率右侧(A,B)和左侧(C,D)颞骨轴位CT平扫。右耳蜗底旋的骨化(箭头)。右上半规管也骨化,形态不清(黑色圆圈)。左上半规管外观正常(箭头),左耳蜗也正常(弯曲箭头)。
DifferentialDiagnosis
?Labyrinthitisossificans(LO):Classicappearanceofcochlearandvestibularapparatusmineralization.
?Otospongiosis:Canalterandcauseeithersclerosisorspongioticchangesalongtheoticcapsuleratherthanwithinthestructuresthemselves.
?Paget’sdisease:Canappearsimilartootospongiosisbuttendstoinvolvethepericapsularstructures.
鉴别诊断
?骨化性迷路炎(LO):典型的耳蜗和前庭骨化表现。
?耳脊髓灰质炎:可改变和引起沿耳囊硬化或海绵状改变,而不是结构本身改变
?Paget病:可表现为类似于耳脊髓灰质炎,但易累及包膜周围结构。
EssentialFacts
?LOisanidiopathicconditionresultinginfirstfibroticandthenossificchangesofthecochlearandvestibularstructures.
?Itistypicallyseeninthesettingofpriormeningitisbutcanalsobeduetopriortrauma.
?Patientspresentwithsensorineuralhearingloss.
?Inthefirstfibrousphase,CTfindingsmaybeminimal.High-resolutionT2-weightedimagesmayshowlossofthenormalfluidhighsignalintensitywithintheaffectedstructures.
?Inlaterstages,CTfindingsaremoredemonstrativeoftheossificationofthisprocess.
?LO是一种特发性疾病,首先导致耳蜗和前庭结构的纤维化,然后骨化性改变。
?见于先前有脑膜炎,但也可能是由于先前的创伤。
?患者表现为感音神经性耳聋。
?在第一纤维期,CT改变可能微乎其微。高分辨率T2加权图像可见受累结构内正常液体的消失和高信号强度。
?在后期,CT表现更能说明骨化改变过程。
√Pearls×Pitfalls
√Majorassociationwithpriormeningitis.
×InitialfibrousstageisoftenbetterseenonMRIthanonCT.
×Evaluationofthedegreeofossification(aswellasthecourseofthefacialnerve)isimportantifcochlearimplantationisbeingconsidered
√要点×陷阱
√与先前有脑膜炎明显相关。
×初始纤维期在磁共振成像上往往比CT上显示得更好。如果考虑植入人工耳蜗,对骨化程度(以及面神经的进程)的评估是很重要的。
头颈部病例78
A21-year-oldwomanpresentswithlarge,asymmetric,left-sidedneckswelling.
1、ImagingFindings?
2、DifferentialDiagnosis?
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